You probably have alerts set up for your bank account, credit card and other financial accounts. But what about your house?
Buying a home may be the biggest purchase you ever make. You insure it, maintain it and keep up with your mortgage payments. But would you know if someone filed a document involving your property without your knowledge?
That’s where VADeed Alert can help.
The free service notifies Virginia property owners when certain documents are recorded in land records under their name or property identification number. While an alert can’t prevent deed fraud, it can give property owners an early warning that something may be wrong.
What is deed fraud and how does it affect homeowners?
Deed fraud, sometimes called title fraud or title theft, happens when someone uses fraudulent documents or impersonates a property owner to transfer or sell property they don’t own.
The consequences can be complicated for everyone involved. The rightful property owner may have to take legal action to address fraudulent documents in the land records, while an unsuspecting buyer could lose money in a transaction with someone who had no right to sell the property.
But by the time a fraudulent document reaches the land records, the scheme may already be well underway.
“Deed fraud can occur at the time of transfer when fraudulent identity is presented through the selling process with the Realtor or the title company,” said Elizabeth O’Connor, clerk of the Williamsburg-James City County Circuit Court. “That’s why verifying the seller’s identity at the beginning of the transaction is so important.”
Virginia took a closer look at the issue in 2025, when a statewide work group studied vulnerabilities that can allow deed fraud to occur. The resulting report found that a key vulnerability is failing to accurately verify a seller’s identity during the real estate transaction.
The study also warned that AI can be used to create fraudulent identification, forge signatures and even impersonate property owners through deepfake technology.
How does the VADeed Alert system work?
VADeed Alert works in 3 basic steps:
- Register what you want to monitor: Property owners can monitor their name, business name or Tax Map/Parcel ID number.
- A matching document is recorded: If a document containing the registered information is added to the public record, VADeed Alert detects the match.
- You receive an email alert: The system notifies the registered property owner that a matching document has been recorded.
The notification can come quickly. O’Connor saw that firsthand just days before our conversation.
“Last week, we got a call from a citizen who got an alert through this program,” O’Connor said. “It’s great to say it was not fraud. It was a matter of a tax ID number being entered incorrectly.”
The situation shows how alerts can reach property owners quickly, and an unexpected alert doesn’t automatically mean fraud has occurred. It could be connected to a legitimate transaction or an error. But if the property owner doesn’t recognize the activity, the notification gives them a reason to look into it.
If you receive an alert about something you don’t recognize, O’Connor said, “You should call your local clerk of court and verify if there has been a transaction. If you feel it is fraudulent or suspicious, you should contact police and file a police report and retain an attorney.”
Which properties are more vulnerable to deed fraud?
Properties that aren’t regularly occupied may be at greater risk because they aren’t monitored as closely as primary residences.
Virginia’s 2025 deed fraud study identified several types of properties that are most vulnerable, including:
- Vacant land
- Second or vacation homes
- Investment or rental properties
- Properties without a mortgage
- Properties inherited from a family member
Publicly available property records can make it easier for fraudsters to target these properties and gather information about their owners.
National research has found a similar pattern. A 2025 National Association of REALTORS® survey found that 52% of reported deed and title fraud cases involved residential land, while only 12% involved owner-occupied homes. NAR cautioned that its sample was relatively small and that the results should be considered guiding points rather than a precise measurement of fraud nationwide.
How to sign up for VADeed Alert
You can sign up for VADeed Alert for free online through the Virginia court system.
For names containing punctuation, the Williamsburg-James City County Circuit Court Clerk’s Office recommends registering variations. For example, someone with an apostrophe or hyphen in their last name or business name may want to enter it both with and without the punctuation.
Protecting yourself from deed fraud starts with knowing what to watch for. Virginia’s deed fraud study found that many real estate agents are unprepared to identify and prevent deed fraud when approached by a fraudulent seller. That’s why working with an agent who knows the warning signs is so important. At Liz Moore & Associates, our agents are trained to spot potential red flags and help protect our clients throughout the buying and selling process.